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Allocations

U.S. Non-Federal-Government Allocations

8.65 - 9 GHz
RADIOLOCATION

US53

FCC Rule Parts:
Aviation (87)
Private Land Mobile (90)

U.S. Federal Government Allocations

8.65 - 9 GHz
RADIOLOCATION G59

US53

ITU Region 1 Allocations

8.75 - 8.85 GHz
RADIOLOCATION
AERONAUTICAL RADIONAVIGATION 5.470

5.471

ITU Region 2 Allocations

8.75 - 8.85 GHz
RADIOLOCATION
AERONAUTICAL RADIONAVIGATION 5.470

5.471

ITU Region 3 Allocations

8.75 - 8.85 GHz
RADIOLOCATION
AERONAUTICAL RADIONAVIGATION 5.470

5.471

SpectrumWiki

Airport Surface Detection Radars (ASDE-X)

Airborne Doppler navigation aids

Possible extension of EESS (active) allocation (WRC-15 Agenda Item 1.12)

Footnotes

5.470 The use of the band 8750-8850 MHz by the aeronautical radionavigation service is limited to airborne Doppler navigation aids on a centre frequency of 8800 MHz.

5.471 Additional allocation: in Algeria, Germany, Bahrain, Belgium, China, Egypt, the United Arab Emirates, France, Greece, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, the Netherlands, Qatar and Sudan, the bands 8825-8850 MHz and 9000-9200 MHz are also allocated to the maritime radionavigation service, on a primary basis, for use by shore-based radars only. (WRC-07)

US53 In view of the fact that the band 13.25-13.4 GHz is allocated to doppler navigation aids, Federal and non-Federal airborne doppler radars in the aeronautical radionavigation service are permitted in the band 8750-8850 MHz only on the condition that they must accept any interference that may be experienced from stations in the radiolocation service in the band 8500-10000 MHz.

G59 In the bands 902-928 MHz, 3100-3300 MHz, 3500-3650 MHz, 5250-5350 MHz, 8500-9000 MHz, 9200-9300 MHz, 13.4-14.0 GHz, 15.7-17.7 GHz and 24.05-24.25 GHz, all Federal non-military radiolocation shall be secondary to military radiolocation, except in the sub-band 15.7-16.2 GHz airport surface detection equipment (ASDE) is permitted on a co-equal basis subject to coordination with the military departments.

SpectrumWiki

Airport Surface Detection Radars (ASDE-X)

The band 9000-9200 MHz is used for radars that comprise one component of the FAA's Airport Surface Detection Equipment, Model X (ADSE-X) system. The 21-24 foot long radar antenna is usually installed on top of the control tower or a remote tower, and rotates at a rapid rate of once each second. ASDE-X data can complement data obtained by a legacy version, ASDE-3, that operates in the Ku band (15.7-16.2 GHz). An article on Gizmodo.com notes that ADSE-3 "has one fatal flaw--it thinks raindrops are incoming jets and goes nuts during downpours. The ASDE Model X, however, monitors runways rain or shine."

According to the FAA (2010 information):

The potential for collisions on airport runways and taxiways increases every year as airports become busier. To combat the impact of this trend, the FAA is deploying ASDE-X, a new runway-safety tool.

ASDE-X enables air traffic controllers to detect potential runway conflicts by providing detailed coverage of movement on runways and taxiways. ASDE-X collects data from a variety of sources to track vehicles and aircraft on the airport movement area and obtain identification information from aircraft transponders.

The ASDE-X data comes from surface movement radar located on the air traffic control tower or remote tower, multilateration sensors, ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) sensors, the terminal automation system, and aircraft transponders. By fusing the data from these sources, ASDE-X is able to determine the position and identification of aircraft and transponder-equipped vehicles on the airport movement area, as well as aircraft flying within five miles of the airport.

Controllers in the tower see this information presented as a color display of aircraft and vehicle positions overlaid on a map of the airport’s runways, taxiways and approach corridors. The system creates a continuously updated map of the airport movement area that controllers can use to spot potential collisions. This technology is especially helpful to controllers at night or in bad weather when visibility is poor.

ASDE-X Safety Logic (AXSL) is an enhancement to the situational awareness provided to air traffic controllers by ASDE-X. AXSL uses surveillance information from ASDE-X to determine if the current or projected positions and movements of aircraft or vehicles that are being tracked present a potential collision situation. Visual and audible alerts are provided to the controllers that include critical information about the targets, such as aircraft identification and where aircraft and vehicles are on the surface.

The first use ASDE-X was at General Mitchell International Airport in Milwaukee, Wis. in October 2003. The FAA recently accelerated the ASDE-X schedule and now projects that all systems will be deployed by the end of 2010 – one year earlier than originally anticipated.

ASDE-X Deployment Sites

The 35 major airports that will receive, or have already received, ASDE-X include:
(* Indicates ASDE-X is operational at these sites)

Baltimore-Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport (Baltimore, MD)
Boston Logan International Airport (Boston, MA)*
Bradley International Airport (Windsor Locks, CT)*
Chicago Midway Airport (Chicago, IL)*
Chicago O’Hare International Airport (Chicago, IL)*
Charlotte Douglas International Airport (Charlotte, NC)*
Dallas-Ft. Worth International Airport (Dallas, TX)*
Denver International Airport (Denver, CO)*
Detroit Metro Wayne County Airport (Detroit, MI)*
Ft. Lauderdale/Hollywood Airport (Ft. Lauderdale, FL)*
General Mitchell International Airport (Milwaukee, WI)*
George Bush Intercontinental Airport (Houston, TX)*
Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport (Atlanta, GA)*
Honolulu International –Hickam Air Force Base Airport (Honolulu, HI)*
John F. Kennedy International Airport (Jamaica, NY)*
John Wayne-Orange County Airport (Santa Ana, CA)*
LaGuardia Airport, (Flushing, NY)
Lambert-St. Louis International Airport (St. Louis, MO)*
Las Vegas McCarran International Airport (Las Vegas, NV)
Los Angeles International Airport (Los Angeles, CA)*
Louisville International Airport-Standiford Field (Louisville, KY)*
Memphis International Airport (Memphis, TN)
Miami International Airport (Miami, FL)*
Minneapolis St. Paul International Airport (Minneapolis, MN)*
Newark International Airport (Newark, NJ)*
Orlando International Airport (Orlando, FL)*
Philadelphia International Airport (Philadelphia, PA)*
Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport (Phoenix, AZ)*
Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (Washington, DC)
San Diego International Airport (San Diego, CA)*
Salt Lake City International Airport (Salt Lake City, UT)*
Seattle-Tacoma International Airport (Seattle, WA)*
Theodore Francis Green State Airport (Providence, RI)*
Washington Dulles International Airport (Chantilly, VA)*
William P. Hobby Airport (Houston, TX)*

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
9000 - 9200 MHz	Airport Surface Detection Equipment, Model X (ASDE-X)	Aeronautical Radionavigation	-

External Links:

FAA ASDE-X Fact Sheet

The All-Weather Radar That Keeps Your Plane from Landing on Luggage Trolleys (Gizmodo)

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Airborne Doppler navigation aids

According to BAE Systems, Airborne Doppler navigation aids on a center frequency of 8800 MHz. Doppler Navigation is a self-contained aircraft navigation system developed in the 1940s that uses Doppler effect radar interaction with the earth in dead-reckoning calculations to navigate.

Today it is used mostly in rotary aircraft – helicopters. It was also used in commercial fixed-wing aircraft initially for several years, including secondary navigation support in some military planes, before being replaced by global positioning system (GPS) navigation. Doppler navigation systems transmit four frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar beams directed downward at about 45 degrees, fore and aft, at 8,800 MHz.

See Footnote 5.470.

This information is based on publications as old as 1975.

Frequencies
Frequency	Bandwidth	Use	Service	Table
8800 MHz	-	Airborne Doppler navigation aids	Aeronautical Radionavigation	-

External Links:

BAE Systems webpage on Doppler navigation

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Possible extension of EESS (active) allocation (WRC-15 Agenda Item 1.12)

ITU World Radiocommunication Conference 2015 Agenda Item 1.12:

"To consider an extension of the current worldwide allocation to the Earth exploration-satellite service (active) in the frequency band 9300-9900 MHz by up to 600 MHz within the frequency bands 8700-9300 and/or 9900-10500 MHz, in accordance with Resolution 651 (WRC-12)"

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
8700 - 9300 MHz	Possible extension of EESS (active) allocation (WRC-15 Agenda Item 1.12)	Earth Exploration-satellite (active)	-
9900 - 10500 MHz	Possible extension of EESS (active) allocation (WRC-15 Agenda Item 1.12)	Earth Exploration-satellite (active)	-

External Links:

ITU-R Preparatory Studies for WRC-15

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Engineering Data

	Lower Frequency	Center Frequency	Upper Frequency
Frequency	8.65 GHz	8.825 GHz	9 GHz
Wavelength	3.5 cm	3.4 cm	3.3 cm
Band designator(s)	SHF; X-band (IEEE)	SHF; X-band (IEEE)	SHF; X-band (IEEE)
Isotropic collecting area	1.0 cm²	0.9 cm²	0.9 cm²
Free space loss (1 m)	51.3 dB	51.4 dB	51.4 dB
Free space loss (1 km)	111.3 dB	111.4 dB	111.4 dB
Free space loss (10 km)	131.3 dB	131.4 dB	131.4 dB
Free space loss (100 km)	151.3 dB	151.4 dB	151.4 dB
Free space loss (1000 km)	171.3 dB	171.4 dB	171.4 dB
Free space loss (35,786 km = GEO orbit)	202.4 dB	202.4 dB	202.5 dB
Free space loss (378,370 km = Moon)	222.8 dB	222.9 dB	222.9 dB