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1755 - 1850 MHz Band
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Although heavily used for federal government operations, this band is on the short list for accommodating mobile broadband applications, either by sharing or by relocating federal systems. It would be a natural completion of spectrum at 1710-1755 (AWS-1) that has already been reallocated, and the existing 1850-1990 MHz PCS band.
NTIA has issued a report on the costs associated with moving federal systems out of this band. See the related documents list for a link to the document. The bottom line is that, as of 2012, it would cost about $18 billion and take 10 years to clear the band, according to NTIA.
The following historical material on the 1755-1850 MHz band is from Wireless Spectrum Finder by Benn Kobb, last published in 2001. Wireless Spectrum Finder is now (c) SpectrumWiki.com:
***** International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) is a global personal communications service via terrestrial and satellite links (see 1850—1990 MHz). Among the spectrum identified for IMT-2000 by the World Radio Conference-2000 (WRC-2000) was 1710—1885 MHz.
This is a critical band in the defense infrastructure. Federal frequency assignments in 1755—1850 MHz are extensive and nationwide. Certain key sites will need special interference protection from prospective IMT-2000 deployments. In the FCC’s words, “potentially serious sharing problems” arise between IMT-2000 and federal systems in this band.
The Air Force Satellite Control Network (AFSCN) Space-Ground Link Subsystem (SGLS) in 1761—1842 MHz (uplink) and 2200—2290 MHz (downlink) controls numerous defense and research satellites, including British and NATO systems and the Global Positioning System (GPS) as well as Space Shuttle functions.
U.S.-based SGLS primary stations are in Colorado and California, with tracking stations nationwide and at Diego Garcia, Greenland and the United Kingdom. SGLS also uses transportable stations, normally operated from military bases, to provide coverage for launch and orbit operations.
Mobile Subscriber Equipment (MSE, Army) and Digital Wideband Transmission System (DWTS, Navy) are microwave links for use in several bands including 1755—1850 MHz. Video teleconferencing, e-mail, telephone and Internet connectivity are among the services they provide.
Air Combat Training Systems (ACTS) and Joint Tactical Combat Training Systems (JTCTS) use this spectrum to compute and transmit altitude, velocity, and weapons status in simulations. The JTCTS provides aircrew training using only links between aircraft, without the need for instrumented ground facilities.
Other defense uses in this part of the spectrum include tactical radio relay; television from aircraft-mounted cameras for remote piloting and monitoring of civil disturbances; wireless local area networks for combat troops; intrusion detection; dismounted soldier identification; and telecommand of robots.
Another interesting use of this spectrum is in control of precision weapons used against "high-value" and hardened enemy targets. Equipped with cameras or infrared sensors, GPS receivers, and wireless control links, the weapons are guided to the target by an officer watching on video.
Aerostat balloons used to detect low-flying aircraft in drug interdiction use voice and data links in this band. The Navy operates high-speed interceptor boats that transmit video in this band to nearby warships.
This is key government spectrum for non-defense, fixed microwave links. Among the fixed service users are the Department of Energy for control and sensing in electric utility operations; the Department of Justice and the Department of Treasury for linking law enforcement land mobile systems; and the Department of the Interior and the Department of Agriculture for forest and park management, and emergency communications in remote areas. The Army Corps of Engineers uses this band to control hydropower stations and provide flood control and maintenance communications at inland waterway facilities. The fixed-link portions of Coast Guard safety systems (see 154—156.2475 MHz) use this band. Many of these systems are being moved to higher bands.
IMT-2000 Issues
The incumbency and wide coverage areas of these federal operations, especially SGLS, MSE/DWTS, ACTS and fixed systems, greatly impacts the introduction of IMT-2000 into the 1700 MHz spectrum, particularly the 1805—1850 MHz segment.
A variety of techniques will be needed to prevent interaction between IMT-2000 and defense systems, including band segmenting, exploitation of antenna capabilities, siting of base stations, changes to power levels, possible “keep away” beacons, and cooperative scheduling of operations. Receivers already on satellites could face degradation from IMT-2000 transmitters as market penetration for the new service increases.
The need for these precautions will likely impact the revenues that IMT-2000 license auctions can generate. Government users who must relocate their stations will be entitled to compensation by new entrants.
***** (End of historical information from Wireless Spectrum Finder)
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Frequency Bands |
Band | Use | Service | Table |
1755 - 1850 MHz | 1755-1850 MHz band | - | F |
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Advanced Wireless Services (AWS-1) Band
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The band 1710-1755 MHz (mobile transmit) is paired with 2110-2155 MHz (base transmit) to create the first band dedicated specifically for what the FCC calls Advanced Wireless Services (AWS). According to the Commission, AWS refers to 3G systems and beyond (also referred to as International Mobile Telecommunications 2000, or IMT-2000, by the ITU).
The 1710-1755 MHz band was created out of spectrum that was previously reserved for the federal government only. In 1995, it was identified as feasible for shared government/non-government use. In accordance with footnote US378, some government operations, in particular fixed and tactical radio systems near Cherry Point, NC, and Yuma, AZ, will continue to operate in this band on a primary basis.
The band 2110-2155 MHz was created from spectrum that had previously been used for fixed microwave links (2110-2150 MHz) and for the Multipoint Distribution Service (MDS) (2150-2155 MHz). The FCC declared these bands for use by AWS in 2002.
As of mid-2012, some operators in the U.S., such as T-Mobile, are using AWS-1 spectrum to provide 4G service (HSPA+ in the case of T-Mobile).
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Paired Frequency Bands |
Paired Bands | Use | Service | Table |
1710 - 1755 MHz | AWS-1 (mobile transmit) | Mobile | N |
2110 - 2155 MHz | AWS-1 (base transmit) | Mobile | N |
External Links:
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GOES, POES, & MetOp Weather Satellites
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The U.S. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) operates various weather satellites. Some of the satellites are geostationary (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites, or GOES), and others are in polar low Earth orbits (Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites, or POES).
The first of the next-generation polar-orbiting satellites, known as Suomi NPP (National Polar-orbiting Partnership), was launched on October 28th, 2011. An additional next-gen satellite launch is scheduled for 2017.
As a result of the 2012 Middle Class Tax Relief and Jobs Creation Act, POES, GOES, and MetOp satellites use some spectrum that is shared by, or adjacent to, the 1695-1710 MHz portion of the AWS-3 spectrum. This segment is used for uplinks from mobile devices to base stations. To mitigate interference to NOAA operations, the government has issued an RFP for an RF Interference Management System (RFIMS), which will be installed at the 17 official NOAA ground stations, listen for interference, and alert mobile network operators in real time that mitigation measures are needed. The RFIMS concept was first proposed by the Commerce Spectrum Management Advisory Committee (CSMAC).
Three legacy satellites in the GOES series are: GOES-East, also known as GOES-13, at 75 deg W; GOES-West, also known as GOES-15, at 135.4 deg W; and GOES-Spare, also known as GOES-14, parked at 104.6 deg W. The next generation of satellites began with the launch of GOES-R on November 19th, 2016. Four satellites are planned in the series, GOES-R, GOES-S, GOES-T, and GOES-U. When fully operational, GOES-R will be renamed GOES-16. The ultimate orbit location for GOES-16 is to be determined.
Details of the signals transmitted by the satellites are provided in the linked presentation.
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Frequencies |
Frequency | Bandwidth | Use | Service | Table |
137.1 MHz | 34 kHz | POES Automatic Picture Transmission (APT) downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
137.5 MHz | 34 kHz | POES Automatic Picture Transmission (APT) downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
137.62 MHz | 34 kHz | POES Automatic Picture Transmission (APT) downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
137.9125 MHz | 34 kHz | POES Automatic Picture Transmission (APT) downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1676 MHz | 5.2 MHz | Legacy GOES SDL downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1680 MHz | 475 kHz | GOES-R DCPR downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1681.5 MHz | 400 kHz | Legacy GOES MDL downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1685.7 MHz | 4.22 MHz | Legacy GOES GVAR downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1686.6 MHz | 10.9 MHz | GOES-R GRB downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1691 MHz | 586 kHz | Legacy GOES LRIT downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1692.7 MHz | 27 kHz | Legacy GOES EMWIN-N downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1693 MHz | 80 kHz | GOES-R CDA telemetry downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1694 MHz | 16 kHz | Legacy GOES CDA Telemetry downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1694.1 MHz | 1.205 MHz | GOES-R HRIT downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1694.5 MHz | 475 kHz | Legacy GOES DCPR downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1694.8 MHz | 475 kHz | Legacy GOES DCPR downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1698 MHz | 2.66 MHz | POES High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1698 MHz | 5.32 MHz | POES Local Area Coverage (LAC) and Global Area Coverage (GAC) downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1701.3 MHz | 4.5 MHz | MetOp Advanced High Resolution Picture Transmissions (AHRPT) downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1702.5 MHz | 5.32 MHz | POES Local Area Coverage (LAC) and Global Area Coverage (GAC) downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1702.5 MHz | 2.66 MHz | POES High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1707 MHz | 4.5 MHz | MetOp Advanced High Resolution Picture Transmissions (AHRPT) downlink | Meteorological-satellite | F |
1707 MHz | 5.32 MHz | POES Local Area Coverage (LAC) and Global Area Coverage (GAC) downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
1707 MHz | 2.66 MHz | POES High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) downlink | Meteorological-satellite | F |
1707 MHz | 12 MHz | Suomi NPP Low Data Rate (LDR) downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
7812 MHz | 30 MHz | Suomi NPP High Data Rate (HDR) downlink | Meteorological-satellite (space-to-Earth) | F |
External Links:
Associated Files:
| DySpan_presentation_v2 Radio Frequency Interference Monitoring System for Weather Satellite Ground Stations: Challenges and Opportunities, presentation by NOAA at the DySPAN 2017 conf...
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